In the pre-revolutionary France, the bailiff (French: bailiff, French pronunciation: [baji]) was the administrative representative of the king during the Ancien Régime in northern France, where the bailiff was responsible for the application of justice and the control of local administration and finances in his bailiwick. By chance, the bailiff saw the blind serf mutilated by his four limbs. In the Netherlands and German-speaking Europe, this position was known as baljuw (bailiff), but other words were used, such as schout “Vogt, bailiff (medieval)” (Holland, Antwerp, Mechelen, `s-Hertogenbosch, Turnhout), meier “majordomo” (Asse, Leuven), drossāte “Administrator, seneschall” (other parts of Brabant), Amman (Brussels) and Amtmann and Ammann (Germany, Switzerland, Austria). The bailiff was the high official appointed by a territorial lord to oversee the administration and jurisdiction of property or equivalent property. Mrs. Baudoyer, née Mitral, was the sister of the bailiff of the same name. To avoid confusion with their subordinates, the County Courts Act of 1888 renamed bailiffs to tall bailiffs. This law also officially recognized the right of the principal judicial officers to appoint (and dismiss) the inferior bailiffs at will, and noted that the superior judicial officers retained ultimate responsibility for their acts. The Grand Bailiff gradually became a purely ceremonial role, the clerk being directly associated with the lower judicial officers. Throughout Norman England, the Saxon and Norman populations gradually mixed, and Reeve was limited to Shire-level courts (hence Sheriff as a contraction of “shire-reeve”), while bailiff was used in connection with lower courts. First and foremost, the bailiff then referred to the official who enforced the decisions of the courts and the hundred courts. Similarly, in Scotland, a bailie was the chief officer of a barony (Baron bailie), and in the Channel Islands they were the most important civil servants. With the introduction of justices of the peace (magistrates), the district courts received their own bailiffs.
The officer appointed by a sheriff was sometimes called the sheriff`s bailiff because of the similarity of the role. However, they are not the same, and Supreme Court law enforcement officers have broader powers. In England and Wales, there are a number of offices that are either officially called “judicial officers” or commonly referred to as “judicial officers”. Some of these judicial officers deal with the execution of court orders, usually in the context of debt collection, and some exercise semi-official supervisory powers over certain activities. Those who deal with the enforcement of court orders are commonly referred to as judicial officers, although the legislative reforms of 2014 have renamed all these positions to alternative titles. A bailiff (from the Middle English baillif, old French baillis, lease “guard, charge, office”; cf. lease, based on the adjective form, baiulivus, from the Latin bajulus, carrier, manager) is a manager, supervisor or administrator; a lawyer to whom a certain degree of authority or competence is delegated. Judicial officers are of different types and their offices and functions vary considerably. [1] Judicial officers are courtroom agents who supervise jurors during their deliberations and during overnight stays.
[2] [6] While speaking, a bailiff gave the accused a pile of thick brown paper towels. In Ontario, provincial judicial officers provide primary transportation of prisoners between correctional facilities such as prisons and prisons. [12] Under the Ministry of Correctional Services Act (Ontario), bailiffs have the authority of police officers to transport prisoners. When required, provincial correctional officers act as judicial officers for short- and long-term assignments, and full-time judicial officers are usually recruited from the ranks of correctional officers. Provincial judicial officers are armed with extendable batons and pepper spray and fall under the jurisdiction of the provincial Ministry of Municipal Security and penitentiary. Duties normally associated with bailiffs in other jurisdictions, such as evictions, seizures and other court-ordered trials, are performed by sheriffs under the Office of the Attorney General of Ontario[13] or by “private” bailiffs when engaged without a court order. Under the Ancien Régime in France, the bailiff (formerly bailiff) or bailiff was the king`s highest officer in a bailiwick or bailiwick (bailiwick), serving as the supreme magistrate for districts and baronies, administrator, military organizer and financial agent. In southern France, the commonly used term was seneschal, who held a position in a seneschal. The bailie convened a judicial district (baillivale court), which was an itinerant court of first instance.
The administrative network of bailiwicks was founded in the 13th century on Crown land (the Royal Domain) by Philippe Auguste, who mandated the first bailiff under the name of bailiff. They were based on pre-existing tax collection districts (baillie) that had been used in formerly sovereign territories, such as .dem Duchy of Normandy. The bailie courts were placed as royal courts above the existing local courts; These lower courts were called: The new policy came into effect immediately and applied to all staff, including bailiffs, commissioners, clerks and judges, according to the note. In the Republic of Ireland, a judicial officer (Irish: báille) is an official appointed by the Revenue Commissioners who is involved in the enforcement of judgments, including evictions and seizures, and the collection of unpaid taxes. [8] [9] A bailiff reports to a sheriff. [10] A Supreme Court enforcement officer has functions similar to those of a district bailiff in performing pleadings and warrants for unpaid court judgments and in expelling people from land where property has been granted. Most of the work of Supreme Court law enforcement officers is performed by certified law enforcement officers who act under the supervision of a senior Supreme Court law enforcement officer, often a director of a law enforcement firm for which the enforcement officer works. Unlike the local administration of Norman England by sheriffs from the great local families, the French bailiff was a paid civil servant who had no electricity grid in the region to which he had been assigned, and in a way a real bureaucrat owed his income and social status entirely to the central government he represented.
“He was therefore fanatically loyal to the king,” notes Norman Cantor, “and cared only for the full exercise of royal power.” [19] The cathedral schools and the University of Paris provided the employees and lawyers who served as the king`s bailiff. In Scotland, there is the Water Court Bailiff`s Office, which has the power to enforce laws on the illegal collection of salmon and trout. There are judicial officers of the district courts on successions. The district court bailiff is employed by the landlord and his management functions may include collecting rent, taxes and supervising the farm and workers. [3] Historically, the property usually included a hall or manor house, a farm managed by the bailiff, several small farms inhabited by tenants and perhaps a small village (a set of small huts) where the farm workers lived. [4] Non-Catholics who are heads or high-ranking members of royal or princely households may receive the insignia of a bailiff knight Grand Cross of Honor and Devotion. These currently include King Simeon II of Bulgaria and George Mikhailovich Romanov. They are allowed to wear the necklace, star and scarf of a bailiff, but since they are not Catholics, they do not receive any of the spiritual benefits of belonging to the Order. A judicial officer is a person appointed by the Minister of Justice to act as such at the request of the person concerned, who is presented through the President of the Court of Appeal and in whose territory the candidate intends to perform acts in the context of enforcement proceedings.
Before appointing him, the Minister of Justice asks the Council of the Chamber of Judicial Officers to give the opinion of the candidate. The judicial officers are not employed by the regional courts (they act in the regional courts), but they are independent, which means that they have their own seat (called judicial officer in …) and are remunerated as a percentage of the money collected and other costs provided for by the law on the bailiff and enforcement of August 20, 1997. The judicial officer also incurs costs, including connection costs, operating costs per kilometre, when visiting debtors who live outside the bailiff`s place; and other costs mentioned in the above-mentioned law. All costs incurred in the course of the proceedings shall be borne by the debtor or creditor if the enforcement proceedings are ineffective. The regional courts only control the work of the judicial officers, in particular with regard to the speed, competence and accuracy of their activities; the accuracy of the management and accounting of the office. In case of enforcement, the judicial officers are subject to the decisions of the court and to the president of the regional court. The judicial officer acts on behalf of a creditor to whom the money is legally due. The creditor submits an application for the opening of enforcement proceedings and an original enforceable title with an enforcement clause inserted in this document.
